shiro:Wildcard string cannot be null or empty. Make sure permission strings are properly formatted.

访问某页面时，出现了这个异常:

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Wildcard string cannot be null or empty. Make sure permission strings are properly formatted.	at org.apache.shiro.authz.permission.WildcardPermission.setParts(WildcardPermission.java:154)	at org.apache.shiro.authz.permission.WildcardPermission.<init>(WildcardPermission.java:143)	at org.apache.shiro.authz.permission.WildcardPermission.<init>(WildcardPermission.java:139)	at org.apache.shiro.authz.permission.WildcardPermissionResolver.resolvePermission(WildcardPermissionResolver.java:41)	at org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm.resolvePermissions(AuthorizingRealm.java:434)	at org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm.getPermissions(AuthorizingRealm.java:410)	at org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm.isPermitted(AuthorizingRealm.java:468)	at org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm.isPermitted(AuthorizingRealm.java:463)	at org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm.isPermitted(AuthorizingRealm.java:458)	at org.apache.shiro.authz.ModularRealmAuthorizer.isPermitted(ModularRealmAuthorizer.java:223)	at org.apache.shiro.mgt.AuthorizingSecurityManager.isPermitted(AuthorizingSecurityManager.java:113)	at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.DelegatingSubject.isPermitted(DelegatingSubject.java:158)	at org.apache.shiro.web.tags.PermissionTag.isPermitted(PermissionTag.java:66)	at org.apache.shiro.web.tags.HasPermissionTag.showTagBody(HasPermissionTag.java:32)	at org.apache.shiro.web.tags.PermissionTag.onDoStartTag(PermissionTag.java:57)	at org.apache.shiro.web.tags.SecureTag.doStartTag(SecureTag.java:53)	at org.apache.jsp.WEB_002dINF.view.common.sysPermission.sysPermission_jsp._jspx_meth_shiro_005fhasPermission_005f0(sysPermission_jsp.java:486)	at org.apache.jsp.WEB_002dINF.view.common.sysPermission.sysPermission_jsp._jspService(sysPermission_jsp.java:147)	at org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:70)	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:723)	at org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:388)	at org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:313)	at org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:260)	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:723)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.invoke(ApplicationDispatcher.java:646)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.processRequest(ApplicationDispatcher.java:436)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.doForward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:374)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.forward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:302)	at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView.renderMergedOutputModel(InternalResourceView.java:168)	at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:303)	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1244)	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1027)	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:971)	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:893)	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:966)	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:857)	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:617)	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:842)	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:723)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ProxiedFilterChain.doFilter(ProxiedFilterChain.java:61)	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.executeChain(AdviceFilter.java:108)	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.doFilterInternal(AdviceFilter.java:137)	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:125)	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ProxiedFilterChain.doFilter(ProxiedFilterChain.java:66)	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter.executeChain(AbstractShiroFilter.java:449)	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter$1.call(AbstractShiroFilter.java:365)	at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.SubjectCallable.doCall(SubjectCallable.java:90)	at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.SubjectCallable.call(SubjectCallable.java:83)	at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.DelegatingSubject.execute(DelegatingSubject.java:383)	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter.doFilterInternal(AbstractShiroFilter.java:362)	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:125)	at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:344)	at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:261)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)	at com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter.doFilter(WebStatFilter.java:123)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)	at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:85)	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)	at org.apache.catalina.filters.SetCharacterEncodingFilter.doFilter(SetCharacterEncodingFilter.java:107)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233)	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191)	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)	at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)	at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:293)	at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProcessor.process(Http11AprProcessor.java:879)	at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11AprProtocol.java:617)	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$Worker.run(AprEndpoint.java:1778)	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

查看一下WildcardPermission.java源代码:

 protected void setParts(String wildcardString, boolean caseSensitive) {  wildcardString = StringUtils.clean(wildcardString);  if(wildcardString != null && !wildcardString.isEmpty()) {   List parts = CollectionUtils.asList(wildcardString.split(":"));   this.parts = new ArrayList();   Iterator i$ = parts.iterator();   while(i$.hasNext()) {    String part = (String)i$.next();    Set subparts = CollectionUtils.asSet(part.split(","));    if(!caseSensitive) {     subparts = this.lowercase(subparts);    }    if(subparts.isEmpty()) {     throw new IllegalArgumentException("Wildcard string cannot contain parts with only dividers. Make sure permission strings are properly formatted.");    }    this.parts.add(subparts);   }   if(this.parts.isEmpty()) {    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Wildcard string cannot contain only dividers. Make sure permission strings are properly formatted.");   }  } else {   throw new IllegalArgumentException("Wildcard string cannot be null or empty. Make sure permission strings are properly formatted.");  } }

　　因为不留神将空值插入到权限信息中，结果抛出以上异常。

去掉空值后正常。

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Wildcard string cannot be null or empty. Make sure permission strings are properly formatted.at org.apache.shiro.authz.permission.WildcardPermission.setParts(WildcardPermission.java:154)at org.apache.shiro.authz.permission.WildcardPermission.<init>(WildcardPermission.java:143)at org.apache.shiro.authz.permission.WildcardPermission.<init>(WildcardPermission.java:139)at org.apache.shiro.authz.permission.WildcardPermissionResolver.resolvePermission(WildcardPermissionResolver.java:41)at org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm.resolvePermissions(AuthorizingRealm.java:434)at org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm.getPermissions(AuthorizingRealm.java:410)at org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm.isPermitted(AuthorizingRealm.java:468)at org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm.isPermitted(AuthorizingRealm.java:463)at org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm.isPermitted(AuthorizingRealm.java:458)at org.apache.shiro.authz.ModularRealmAuthorizer.isPermitted(ModularRealmAuthorizer.java:223)at org.apache.shiro.mgt.AuthorizingSecurityManager.isPermitted(AuthorizingSecurityManager.java:113)at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.DelegatingSubject.isPermitted(DelegatingSubject.java:158)at org.apache.shiro.web.tags.PermissionTag.isPermitted(PermissionTag.java:66)at org.apache.shiro.web.tags.HasPermissionTag.showTagBody(HasPermissionTag.java:32)at org.apache.shiro.web.tags.PermissionTag.onDoStartTag(PermissionTag.java:57)at org.apache.shiro.web.tags.SecureTag.doStartTag(SecureTag.java:53)at org.apache.jsp.WEB_002dINF.view.common.sysPermission.sysPermission_jsp._jspx_meth_shiro_005fhasPermission_005f0(sysPermission_jsp.java:486)at org.apache.jsp.WEB_002dINF.view.common.sysPermission.sysPermission_jsp._jspService(sysPermission_jsp.java:147)at org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:70)at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:723)at org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:388)at org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:313)at org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:260)at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:723)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.invoke(ApplicationDispatcher.java:646)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.processRequest(ApplicationDispatcher.java:436)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.doForward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:374)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.forward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:302)at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView.renderMergedOutputModel(InternalResourceView.java:168)at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:303)at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1244)at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1027)at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:971)at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:893)at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:966)at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:857)at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:617)at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:842)at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:723)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ProxiedFilterChain.doFilter(ProxiedFilterChain.java:61)at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.executeChain(AdviceFilter.java:108)at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.doFilterInternal(AdviceFilter.java:137)at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:125)at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ProxiedFilterChain.doFilter(ProxiedFilterChain.java:66)at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter.executeChain(AbstractShiroFilter.java:449)at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter$1.call(AbstractShiroFilter.java:365)at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.SubjectCallable.doCall(SubjectCallable.java:90)at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.SubjectCallable.call(SubjectCallable.java:83)at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.DelegatingSubject.execute(DelegatingSubject.java:383)at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter.doFilterInternal(AbstractShiroFilter.java:362)at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:125)at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:344)at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:261)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)at com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter.doFilter(WebStatFilter.java:123)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:85)at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)at org.apache.catalina.filters.SetCharacterEncodingFilter.doFilter(SetCharacterEncodingFilter.java:107)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233)at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191)at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:293)at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProcessor.process(Http11AprProcessor.java:879)at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11AprProtocol.java:617)at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$Worker.run(AprEndpoint.java:1778)at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

原标题：shiro:Wildcard string cannot be null or empty. Make sure permission strings are properly formatted.

关键词：string