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Struts2入门(七)——Struts2的文件上传和下载

一、前言

在之前的随笔之中,我们已经了解Java通过上传组件来实现上传和下载,这次我们来了解Struts2的上传和下载。

注意:文件上传时,我们需要将表单提交方式设置为"POST"方式,并且将enctype属性设置为"multipart/form-data",该属性的默认值为"application/x-www-form-urlencoded",就是说,表单要写成以下这种形式:

<form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"></form>

而且Struts2中并没有提供自己的文件上传解析器,默认使用的是Jakarta的Common-FileUpload的文件上传组件,所以我们还需要在添加两个包:

commons-io

commons-fileupload

至于版本根据自己需要选择(笔者在第一篇已经搭建好环境了。地址)

注意点如下:

1.1、文件上传的前提是表单属性method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data";

1.2、web应用中必须包含common-fileupload.jar和common-io.jar,因为struts2默认上传解析器使用的是jakarta;

1.3、可以在struts.

二、文件上传案例

2.1、在Action中定义属性:

private File upload;                //包含文件内容

private String uploadFileName;       //上传文件的名称;

private String uploadContentType;    //上传文件的MIME类型;

这些属性都会随着文件的上传自动赋值;

2.2、上传图片的例子

新建视图界面:Upload.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"  pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>Struts2 FileUpload</title></head><body>  <form action="fileupload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">    文件标题:<input type="text" name="title"/><br/>    选择文件:<input type="file" name="upload"/><br/>    <input type="submit" value="上传"/>  </form></body></html>

新建UploadAction继承ActionSupport

package com.Struts2.load;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;//上传单个文件public class UploadAction extends ActionSupport {  //文件标题请求参数的属性  private String title;  //上传文件域的属性  private File upload;  //上传文件类型  private String uploadContentType;  //上传文件名  private String uploadFileName;  //接受依赖注入的属性  private String savePath;    public String getTitle() {    return title;  }  public void setTitle(String title) {    this.title = title;  }  public File getUpload() {    return upload;  }  public void setUpload(File upload) {    this.upload = upload;  }  public String getUploadContentType() {    return uploadContentType;  }  public void setUploadContentType(String uploadContentType) {    this.uploadContentType = uploadContentType;  }  public String getUploadFileName() {    return uploadFileName;  }  public void setUploadFileName(String uploadFileName) {    this.uploadFileName = uploadFileName;  }  //返回上传文件的保存位置  public String getSavePath() {    return ServletActionContext.getRequest().getRealPath(savePath);  }  //接受依赖注入的方法  public void setSavePath(String savePath) {    this.savePath = savePath;  }  public String execute() throws Exception{    System.out.println(getSavePath());    System.out.println(getUploadFileName());    //以服务器的文件保存地址和原文件名建立上传文件输出流    FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(getSavePath()+"\\"+getUploadFileName());        //以上传文件建立一个文件上传流    FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(getUpload());        //将上传文件的内容写入服务器    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];    int leng = 0;    while((leng=fis.read(buffer))>0){      fos.write(buffer,0,leng);      buffer = new byte[1024];    }    return SUCCESS;  }}

struts.

<?<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>

  <!--文件上传 -->  <package name="default" extends="struts-default">    <action name="fileupload" class="com.Struts2.load.UploadAction">      <!--使用**过滤:1、配置默认**,2、配置input的逻辑视图-->      <interceptor-ref name="fileUpload">        <param name="allowedTypes">image/jpeg,image/jpg,/image/gif,image/png</param>      </interceptor-ref>      <!-- 必须显示配置defaultStack**的引用 -->       <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"/>       <param name="savePath">/upload</param>      <result name="success">succ.jsp</result>      <!--必须配置input的逻辑视图 -->      <result name="input">Error.jsp</result>    </action><struts>

注意:web.Struts2入门(七)——Struts2的文件上传和下载Struts2入门(七)——Struts2的文件上传和下载

<??><web-app ="http://www.w3.org/2001/ ="http:// xsi:schemaLocation="http:// id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1"> <display-name>LearStruts2</display-name> <welcome-file-list>  <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>  <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>  <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>  <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>  <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>  <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list>  <!--为Struts2定义一个过滤器 -->  <filter>   <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>   <filter-class>     org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter   </filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping>   <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>   <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping></web-app>

web.

succ.jsp视图代码

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"  pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s"%>  <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>上传成功</title></head><body>  上传成功<br/>  文件标题:<s:property value="title"/><br/>  <s:property value="uploadFileName"/>  文件为:<img src='/images/loading.gif' data-original="<s:property value="'/LearStruts2/upload/'+uploadFileName"/>"/><br/></body></html>

Error.jsp视图代码

Struts2入门(七)——Struts2的文件上传和下载Struts2入门(七)——Struts2的文件上传和下载
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"  pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>Error 界面</title></head><body>  <s:fielderror/></body></html>

Error.jsp

代码效果如下:

Struts2入门(七)——Struts2的文件上传和下载

注意:在struts.

 

2.3、多个文件上传

新建Upliads.jsp

Struts2入门(七)——Struts2的文件上传和下载Struts2入门(七)——Struts2的文件上传和下载
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"  pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>上传多个文件</title></head><body>  <form action="filesupload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">    文件标题:<input type="text" name="title"><br/>    选择第一个文件:<input type="file" name="uploads"><br/>    选择第二个文件:<input type="file" name="uploads"><br/>    选择第三个文件:<input type="file" name="uploads"><br/>    <input type="submit" value="上传"/>  </form></body></html>

Upliads.jsp

新建UploadsAction类继承ActionSupport

package com.Struts2.load;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;//上传多个文件public class UploadsAction extends ActionSupport {  private String title;  //对应jsp的title  private File[] uploads;  //对应jsp的uploads  private String[] uploadsContentType;  private String[] uploadsFileName;  //savePath:通过配置文件进行赋值"'\'upload",  //其中的'\'表示项目的根目录D:\\tomcat-8.0\\wtpwebapps\\LearStruts2\\upload  private String savePath;  public String getTitle() {    return title;  }  public void setTitle(String title) {    this.title = title;  }  public File[] getUploads() {    return uploads;  }  public void setUploads(File[] upload) {    this.uploads = upload;  }  public String[] getUploadsContentType() {    return uploadsContentType;  }  public void setUploadsContentType(String[] uploadsContentType) {    this.uploadsContentType = uploadsContentType;  }  public String[] getUploadsFileName() {    return uploadsFileName;  }  public void setUploadsFileName(String[] uploadsFileName) {    this.uploadsFileName = uploadsFileName;  }  public String getSavePath() {    return ServletActionContext.getRequest().getRealPath(savePath);  }  public void setSavePath(String savePath) {    this.savePath = savePath;  }  public String execute() throws Exception{    File[] files = getUploads();    for(int i = 0;i<files.length;i++){      System.out.println(getSavePath());      System.out.println(getUploadsFileName()[i]);      //getSavePath : 获得根目录      //getUploadsFileName() : 获得文件名      FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(getSavePath()+"\\"+getUploadsFileName()[i]);            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(files[i]);            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];            int len = 0;            while((len=fis.read(buffer))>0){        fos.write(buffer,0,len);        buffer = new byte[1024];      }    }    return SUCCESS;  }}

struts.

    <!--多个文件上传 -->    <action name="filesupload" class="com.Struts2.load.UploadsAction">      <!--该属性是依赖注入:通过配置文件给savePath赋值 ,是必须的 -->      <param name="savePath">/upload</param>      <result name="success">succ1.jsp</result>    </action>    

succ1.jsp

Struts2入门(七)——Struts2的文件上传和下载Struts2入门(七)——Struts2的文件上传和下载
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"  pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>多个文件上传</title></head><body>  上传成功</body></html>

succ1.jsp

代码效果如下:

Struts2入门(七)——Struts2的文件上传和下载

2.3、Struts2的文件下载

视图下载界面

Struts2入门(七)——Struts2的文件上传和下载Struts2入门(七)——Struts2的文件上传和下载
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"  pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>Struts 2实现的文件下载</title></head><body>  <a href="down.action">图片下载</a></body></html>

fuledown.jsp

Action类

package com.Struts2.load;import java.io.InputStream;import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;public class DownAction extends ActionSupport {  private String inputPath;  private String contentType;  private String filename;    public String getContentType() {    return contentType;  }  public void setContentType(String contentType) {    this.contentType = contentType;  }  public String getFilename() {    return filename;  }  public void setFilename(String filename) {    this.filename = filename;  }  public String getInputPath() {    return inputPath;  }  public void setInputPath(String inputPath) {    this.inputPath = inputPath;  }     //下载用的Action应该返回一个InputStream实例   //该方法对应在result里的inputName属性值为targetFile  //第二步  public InputStream getTargetFile() throws Exception{      System.out.println("1");      InputStream in=ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream(inputPath);      return in;  }  //第一步  public String execute(){     System.out.println("???");     inputPath="/upload/1.jpg";//要下载的文件名称     filename="1.jpg"; //保存文件时的名称     contentType="image/jpg";//保存文件的类型    return SUCCESS;  }}

Struts.

   <!-- 下载文件的Action -->    <action name="down" class="com.Struts2.load.DownAction">     <!-- 指定被下载资源的位置 -->     <param name="inputPath">${inputPath}</param>          <!-- 配置结果类型为stream的结果 -->     <result name="success" type="stream">       <!--         contentType:指定下载文件的类型 ,和互联网MIME标准中的规定类型一致,         例如text/plain代表纯文本,text/-->       <param name="contentType">${contentType}</param>       <!-- 指定下载文件的位置 -->       <!--       inputName:下载文件的来源流,对应着action类中某个类型为Inputstream的属性名,                    例如取值为inputStream的属性需要编写getInputStream()方法       -->       <param name="inputName">targetFile</param>       <!--       contentDisposition          文件下载的处理方式,包括内联(inline)和附件(attachment)两种方式,        而附件方式会弹出文件保存对话框,否则浏览器会尝试直接显示文件。       默认情况是代表inline,浏览器会尝试自动打开它         -->       <param name="contentDisposition">attachement;filename="${filename}"</param>       <!-- 指定下载文件的缓冲大小 -->       <param name="bufferSize">50000000</param>     </result>    </action>

代码都有笔者测试过,至于解析,笔者会在后期理解好之后再重新写。




原标题:Struts2入门(七)——Struts2的文件上传和下载

关键词:Struts

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