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.Net Framework中的标准委托和事件_1

.Net Framework中的标准委托,已经定义在命名空间System中,

namespace System{  public delegate void EventHandler(object sender, EventArgs e);}

.Net Framwork类库中的所有事件均基于EventHandler委托。

其中EventArgs参数是可以自定义,必须继承EventArgs类:

public class CustomEventArgs:EventArgs

发布事件有三种方式:

1. 使用.net framework标准委托 

public event EventHandler RaiseCustomEvent;

2. 自定义EventArgs参数

public event CustomEventHandler RaiseCustomEvent;

3. 自定义EventArgs参数,泛型的表达方式

public event EventHandler<CustomEventArgs> RaiseCustomEvent;

 

如何:发布符合.net framework准则的事件

首先分两个类:

1. 发行者类(Publisher),发送Sends(引发Raise)事件的类,这个类做两件事

  • 发布事件
  • 编写事件的触发程序

     窗体(Form)和控件(control)的类中都发布了事件(Load,Click等),事件的触发程序被封装了。

2. 订阅者类(Subscriber),接收Receive(处理Handle)事件的类,这个类做两件事

  • 注册事件
  • 编写事件的处理程序

     当你双击Form1中的一个按钮Button1,会直接进入

    private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {    }

    其实就是在写事件的处理程序;在Form1.Designer.cs中会自动注册按钮双击事件

this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);

 

下面来看一个例子,是一个比较标准的方式添加自定义的事件:

namespace DotNetEvents{  class Program  {    static void Main(string[] args)    {      Publisher pub = new Publisher();      Subscriber sub1 = new Subscriber("sub1", pub);      Subscriber sub2 = new Subscriber("sub2", pub);      //Call the method that raises the event      pub.DoSomething();      Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to close this window.");      Console.ReadKey();    }  }  //Define a class to hold custom event info  public class CustomEventArgs:EventArgs  {    private string message;    public CustomEventArgs (string s)    {      message = s;    }    public string Message    {      get { return message;}      set { message = value; }    }  }  //Class that publishes an event  class Publisher  {    //Declare the event using EventHandler<T>    public event EventHandler<CustomEventArgs> RaiseCustomEvent;    public void DoSomething()    {      //Write some code that does something useful here      //then raise the event.You can also raise an event      //before you execute a block of code.      OnRaiseCustomEvent(new CustomEventArgs("Did something"));    }    //Wrap event invocations inside a protected virtual method    //to allow derived classes to oveeride the event invocation behavior    protected virtual void OnRaiseCustomEvent(CustomEventArgs e)    {      //Make a temporary copy of the event to avoid possibility of      //a race condition if the last subscriber unsubscribes      //immediately after the null check and before the event is raise      if(RaiseCustomEvent !=null )      {        e.Message = String.Format(" at {0}", DateTime.Now.ToString());        RaiseCustomEvent(this, e);      }    }  }  //Class that subscribes to an event  class Subscriber  {    private string id;    public Subscriber (string ID,Publisher pub)    {      id = ID;      //Subscribe to the event suing C# 2.0 syntax      pub.RaiseCustomEvent += HandleCustomEvent;    }    //Define what action to take when the event is raised    void HandleCustomEvent(object sender,CustomEventArgs e)    {      Console.WriteLine(id + " receive this message: {0}", e.Message);    }  }}

 




原标题:.Net Framework中的标准委托和事件_1

关键词:.NET

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