枚举类型是定义了一组“符号名称/值”配对。枚举类型是强类型的。每个枚举类型都是从system.Enum派生，又从system.ValueType派生，而system.ValueType又从system.Object派生，所以枚举类型是指类型。
编译枚举类型时，C#编译器会把每个符号转换成类型的一个常量字段。C#编译器将枚举类型视为基元类型。
1.获取枚举列表：
/// <summary> /// 获取枚举列表 /// </summary> /// <param name="enumType">枚举的类型</param> /// <returns>枚举列表</returns> public static Dictionary<int, string> GetEnumList(Type enumType) { var dic = new Dictionary<int, string>(); try { var fd = enumType.GetFields(); for (var index = 1; index < fd.Length; ++index) { var info = fd[index]; var fieldValue = System.Enum.Parse(enumType, fd[index].Name); var attrs = info.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(EnumTextAttribute), false); foreach (EnumTextAttribute attr in attrs) { var key = (int)fieldValue; if (key == -100) continue; var value = attr.Text; dic.Add(key, value); } } return dic; } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception(ex.Message); } }2.获取枚举名称：
/// <summary> /// 获取枚举名称 /// </summary> /// <param name="enumType">枚举的类型</param> /// <param name="id">枚举值</param> /// <returns>如果枚举值存在，返回对应的枚举名称，否则，返回空字符</returns> public static string GetEnumTextById(Type enumType, int id) { var ret = string.Empty; try { var dic = GetEnumList(enumType); foreach (var item in dic) { if (item.Key != id) continue; ret = item.Value; break; } return ret; } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception(ex.Message); } }3.根据枚举值获取对应中文描述：
/// <summary> /// 根据枚举值获取对应中文描述 /// </summary> /// <param name="enumValue">枚举值</param> /// <returns>枚举值中文描述</returns> public static string GetEnumTextByEnum(object enumValue) { var ret = string.Empty; if ((int)enumValue == -1) return ret; try { var dic = GetEnumList(enumValue.GetType()); foreach (var item in dic) { if (item.Key != (int)enumValue) continue; ret = item.Value; break; } return ret; } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception(ex.Message); } }4.获取枚举名称：
/// <summary> /// 获取枚举名称 /// </summary> /// <param name="enumType">枚举的类型</param> /// <param name="index">枚举值的位置编号</param> /// <returns>如果枚举值存在，返回对应的枚举名称，否则，返回空字符</returns> public static string GetEnumTextByIndex(Type enumType, int index) { var ret = string.Empty; var dic = GetEnumList(enumType); if (index < 0 || index > dic.Count) return ret; var i = 0; foreach (var item in dic) { if (i == index) { ret = item.Value; break; } i++; } return ret; }5.获取枚举值：
/// <summary> /// 获取枚举值 /// </summary> /// <param name="enumType">枚举的类型</param> /// <param name="name">枚举名称</param> /// <returns>如果枚举名称存在，返回对应的枚举值，否则，返回-1</returns> public static int GetEnumIdByName(Type enumType, string name) { var ret = -1; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name)) return ret; var dic = GetEnumList(enumType); foreach (var item in dic) { if (string.Compare(item.Value, name, StringComparison.Ordinal) != 0) continue; ret = item.Key; break; } return ret; }6.获取名字对应枚举值：
/// <summary> /// 获取名字对应枚举值 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T">枚举类型</typeparam> /// <param name="name">枚举名称</param> /// <returns></returns> public static T GetEnumIdByName<T>(string name) where T : new() { var type = typeof(T); var enumItem = (T)TypeDescriptor.GetConverter(type).ConvertFrom("-1"); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name)) return enumItem; try { var fd = typeof(T).GetFields(); for (var index = 1; index < fd.Length; ++index) { var info = fd[index]; var fieldValue = System.Enum.Parse(type, fd[index].Name); var attrs = info.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(EnumTextAttribute), false); if (attrs.Length != 1) continue; var attr = (EnumTextAttribute)attrs[0]; if (!name.Equals(attr.Text)) continue; enumItem = (T)fieldValue; break; } return enumItem; } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception(ex.Message); } }7.获取枚举值所在的位置编号：
/// <summary> /// 获取枚举值所在的位置编号 /// </summary> /// <param name="enumType">枚举的类型</param> /// <param name="name">枚举名称</param> /// <returns>如果枚举名称存在，返回对应的枚举值的位置编号，否则，返回-1</returns> public static int GetEnumIndexByName(Type enumType, string name) { var ret = -1; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name)) return ret; var dic = GetEnumList(enumType); var i = 0; foreach (var item in dic) { if (string.Compare(item.Value, name, StringComparison.Ordinal) == 0) { ret = i; break; } i++; } return ret; }
原标题：C#枚举类型的常用操作总结
关键词：C#
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