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httpClient实现微信公众号消息群发

1、实现功能 

  向关注了微信公众号的微信用户群发消息。(可以是所有的用户,也可以是提供了微信openid的微信用户集合)

2、基本步骤

前提:

  已经有认证的公众号或者测试公众账号

发送消息步骤:

  1. 发送一个请求微信去获取access_token
  2. 发送一个请求去请求微信发送消息

相关微信接口的信息可以查看:http://www.cnblogs.com/0201zcr/p/5866296.html 有测试账号的申请 + 获取access_token和发送微信消息的url和相关的参数需求。各个参数的意义等。

3、实践

  这里通过HttpClient发送请求去微信相关的接口。

1)maven依赖

<dependency>  <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>  <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>  <version>4.3.1</version></dependency>

2)httpClient使用方法

使用HttpClient发送请求、接收响应很简单,一般需要如下几步即可。

  1. 创建HttpClient对象。
  2. 创建请求方法的实例,并指定请求URL。如果需要发送GET请求,创建HttpGet对象;如果需要发送POST请求,创建HttpPost对象。
  3. 如果需要发送请求参数,可调用HttpGet、HttpPost共同的setParams(HetpParams params)方法来添加请求参数;对于HttpPost对象而言,也可调用setEntity(HttpEntity entity)方法来设置请求参数。
  4. 调用HttpClient对象的execute(HttpUriRequest request)发送请求,该方法返回一个HttpResponse。
  5. 调用HttpResponse的getAllHeaders()、getHeaders(String name)等方法可获取服务器的响应头;调用HttpResponse的getEntity()方法可获取HttpEntity对象,该对象包装了服务器的响应内容。程序可通过该对象获取服务器的响应内容。
  6. 释放连接。无论执行方法是否成功,都必须释放连接——这里使用了连接池,可以交给连接池去处理

 3)实例

1、发送请求的类

import com.alibaba.druid.support.json.JSONUtils;import com.alibaba.druid.support.logging.Log;import com.alibaba.druid.support.logging.LogFactory;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;import com.seewo.core.util.json.JsonUtils;import org.apache.commons.collections.map.HashedMap;import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;import org.apache.http.HttpHost;import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;import org.apache.http.client.ResponseHandler;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;import org.apache.http.conn.params.ConnRoutePNames;import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme;import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicResponseHandler;import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingClientConnectionManager;import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;import org.springframework.http.MediaType;import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;import javax.security.cert.CertificateException;import javax.security.cert.X509Certificate;import java.io.IOException;import java.text.MessageFormat;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;/** * Created by zhengcanrui on 16/9/20. */public class WechatAPIHander {    /**     * 获取token接口     */    private String getTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid={0}&secret={1}";    /**     * 拉微信用户信息接口     */    private String getUserInfoUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/info?access_token={0}&openid={1}";    /**     * 主动推送信息接口(群发)     */    private String sendMsgUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/mass/sendall?access_token={0}";    private HttpClient webClient;    private Log log = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());    public void initWebClient(String proxyHost, int proxyPort){      this.initWebClient();      if(webClient != null && !StringUtils.isEmpty(proxyHost)){        HttpHost proxy = new HttpHost(proxyHost, proxyPort);        webClient.getParams().setParameter(ConnRoutePNames.DEFAULT_PROXY, proxy);      }    }    /**     * @desc 初始化创建 WebClient     */    public void initWebClient() {      log.info("initWebClient start....");      try {        PoolingClientConnectionManager tcm = new PoolingClientConnectionManager();        tcm.setMaxTotal(10);        SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");        X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {          @Override          public void checkClientTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {          }          @Override          public void checkServerTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {          }          @Override          public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {            return new java.security.cert.X509Certificate[0];          }        };        ctx.init(null, new X509TrustManager[] { tm }, null);        SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx, SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);        Scheme sch = new Scheme("https", 443, ssf);        tcm.getSchemeRegistry().register(sch);        webClient = new DefaultHttpClient(tcm);      } catch (Exception ex) {        log.error("initWebClient exception", ex);      } finally {        log.info("initWebClient end....");      }    }    /**     * @desc 获取授权token     * @param appid     * @param secret     * @return     */    public String getAccessToken(String appid, String secret) {      String accessToken = null;      try {        log.info("getAccessToken start.{appid=" + appid + ",secret:" + secret + "}");        String url = MessageFormat.format(this.getTokenUrl, appid, secret);        String response = executeHttpGet(url);        Map map = JsonUtils.jsonToMap(response);        accessToken = (String) map.get("access_token");        /* Object Object = JSONUtils.parse(response);        accessToken = jsonObject.getString("access_token");*///        accessToken = JsonUtils.read(response, "access_token");      } catch (Exception e) {        log.error("get access toekn exception", e);      }      return accessToken;    }    /**     * @desc 推送信息     * @param token     * @param msg     * @return     */    public String sendMessage(String token,String msg){      try{        log.info("\n\nsendMessage start.token:"+token+",msg:"+msg);        String url = MessageFormat.format(this.sendMsgUrl, token);        HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);        ResponseHandler<?> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();        //这里必须是一个合法的json格式数据,每个字段的意义可以查看上面连接的说明,content后面的test是要发送给用户的数据,这里是群发给所有人        msg = "{\"filter\":{\"is_to_all\":true},\"text\":{\"content\":\"test\"},\"msgtype\":\"text\"}\"";        //设置发送消息的参数        StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(msg);        //解决中文乱码的问题        entity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");        entity.setContentType("application/json");        post.setEntity(entity);        //发送请求        String response = (String) this.webClient.execute(post, responseHandler);        log.info("return response=====start======");        log.info(response);        log.info("return response=====end======");        return response;      }catch (Exception e) {        log.error("get user info exception", e);        return null;      }    }    /**     * @desc 发起HTTP GET请求返回数据     * @param url     * @return     * @throws IOException     * @throws ClientProtocolException     */    private String executeHttpGet(String url) throws IOException, ClientProtocolException {      ResponseHandler<?> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();      String response = (String) this.webClient.execute(new HttpGet(url), responseHandler);      log.info("return response=====start======");      log.info(response);      log.info("return response=====end======");      return response;    }}

 2、Controller和Service层调用

 @RequestMapping(value = "/testHttpClient", method = RequestMethod.GET)  public DataMap test() {    WechatAPIHander wechatAPIHander = new WechatAPIHander();    //获取access_token
      //第一个参数是你appid,第二个参数是你的秘钥,需要根据你的具体情况换 String accessToken = wechatAPIHander.getAccessToken("appid","scerpt"); //发送消息 wechatAPIHander.sendMessage(accessToken, "测试数据"); return new DataMap().addAttribute("DATA",accessToken); }

 3、结果

  假如你关注了微信公众号中看到你刚刚发送的test消息。

HttpClient学习文档:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1miO1eOg

 致谢:感谢您的阅读




原标题:httpClient实现微信公众号消息群发

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