先把student删除,再重新插入数据
> db.student.drop()true> db.student.insert([{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age": 27, "sex": 1 }, { "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age": 27 } ,{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age": 30 }, { "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age": 28 }, { "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age": 33 }, { "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age": 32 }])BulkWriteResult({ "writeErrors" : [ ], "writeConcernErrors" : [ ], "nInserted" : 6, "nUpserted" : 0, "nMatched" : 0, "nModified" : 0, "nRemoved" : 0, "upserted" : [ ]})> db.student.find(){ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27 }{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 }{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age" : 33 }{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 }
1、查询指定键
db.集合名称.find({查询条件},{指定键})
指定键:1表示显示,0表示不显示,_id默认显示
> db.student.find({},{name:1}){ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan" }{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi" }{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu" }{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu" }{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu" }{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba" }> db.student.find({},{_id:0, age:0}){ "name" : "zhangsan", "sex" : 1 }{ "name" : "lisi" }{ "name" : "wangwu" }{ "name" : "zhaoliu" }{ "name" : "qianliu" }{ "name" : "sunba" }> db.student.find({},{_id:0, name:1}){ "name" : "zhangsan" }{ "name" : "lisi" }{ "name" : "wangwu" }{ "name" : "zhaoliu" }{ "name" : "qianliu" }{ "name" : "sunba" }
2、各种查询方式
$lt:<
$lte:<=
$gt:>
$gte:>=
$ne:!=
> db.student.find({age:{$lt:30}}){ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27, "sex" : 1 }{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }> db.student.find({age:{$ne:27}}){ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 }{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age" : 33 }{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 }
$in:包含
$nin:不包含
> db.student.find({age:{$in:[27,28]}}){ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27, "sex" : 1 }{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }> db.student.find({age:{$nin:[27,28]}}){ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 }{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age" : 33 }{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 }
$or:或者
> db.student.find({$or:[{age:{$lt:29}}, {name:"sunba"}]}){ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27, "sex" : 1 }{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 }
null:空值
> db.student.find({sex: null}){ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 }{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age" : 33 }{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 }
$type:键是某种类型的
double:1
string:2
...
> db.student.insert({_id:7, name:7, age:70})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.student.find({name: {$type: 2}}){ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27, "sex" : 1 }{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 }{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age" : 33 }{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 }> db.student.find({name: {$type: 1}}){ "_id" : 7, "name" : 7, "age" : 70 }
正则表达式
> db.student.find({name: /si\b/}){ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }
db.集合名称.findOne({查询条件},{指定键})
查询出符合条件的第一条数据
> db.student.findOne(){ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27, "sex" : 1 }
db.集合名称.find({查询条件},{指定键}).limit(数字)
查询前几条数据
> db.student.find().limit(3){ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27, "sex" : 1 }{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 }
db.集合名称.find({查询条件},{指定键}).skip(数字)
跳过前几条数据
> db.student.find().skip(2){ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 }{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age" : 33 }{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 }{ "_id" : 7, "name" : 7, "age" : 70 }
可以使用limit()和skip()实现分页
> db.student.find().skip(0).limit(3){ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27, "sex" : 1 }{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 }> db.student.find().skip(3).limit(3){ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age" : 33 }{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 }> db.student.find().skip(6).limit(3){ "_id" : 7, "name" : 7, "age" : 70 }
db.集合名称.find().sort({键:数字})
数字为1表示升序,数字为2表示降序
> db.student.find().sort({age:1}){ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27, "sex" : 1 }{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 }{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 }{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age" : 33 }{ "_id" : 7, "name" : 7, "age" : 70 }> db.student.find().sort({age:1, _id:-1}){ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27, "sex" : 1 }{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 }{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 }{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age" : 33 }{ "_id" : 7, "name" : 7, "age" : 70 }
原标题:MongoDB快速入门学习笔记4 MongoDB的文档查询操作
关键词:MongoDB