springMVC是spring家族中一个重要的组件,和struts一样作为一套前台框架被广泛的应用于各种项目。
之前在很多项目组都用到springMVC,只感觉很强大,但是对这套框架的知识了解比较少。这几天项目组没那么忙正学习下,过程中遇到很多问题也查找不少资料,整理出来与大家共享。
本文介绍简单springmvc框架环境搭建和我在学习中遇到问题查找资料时间比较长的一些点,这里这称之为关键点。
一、搭建环境
1、下载需要的jar包
①需要的最少spring mvc jar包
②maven pom.
1 <dependencies> 2 <dependency> 3 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 4 <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> 5 <version>3.0.1.RELEASE</version> 6 </dependency> 7 <dependency> 8 <groupId>jstl</groupId> 9 <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>10 <version>1.2</version>11 </dependency>12 </dependencies>
2、web.
1 <??> 2 <web-app ="http://www.w3.org/2001/ 3 ="http://java.sun.com/ 4 xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/ 5 id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> 6 <display-name>deposit</display-name> 7 8 <servlet-mapping> 9 <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>10 <url-pattern>/scripts/*</url-pattern>11 <url-pattern>/styles/*</url-pattern>12 </servlet-mapping>13 14 <!--初始化spring的配置文件-->15 <context-param>16 <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>17 <param-value>classpath:spring/applicationContext.</param-value>18 </context-param>19 <!--启动spring容器-->20 <listener>21 <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>22 </listener>23 24 <!-- 初始化DispatcherServlet -->25 <servlet>26 <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>27 <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>28 <!--springmvc框架在 web应用程序WEB-INF目录中寻找一个名为[servlet-name]-servlet.29 <init-param>30 <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>31 <param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc/springmvc-servlet.32 </init-param>-->33 <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>34 </servlet>35 <servlet-mapping>36 <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>37 <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>38 </servlet-mapping>39 </web-app>
3、springmvc-servlet.
1 <??> 2 <beans ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 3 ="http://www.w3.org/2001/ 4 ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 5 ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 6 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 7 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd 8 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> 9 10 <!-- 启用spring mvc 注解 -->11 <context:annotation-config />12 <!-- 设置使用注解的类所在的jar包,注入view层控制类 -->13 <context:component-scan base-package="cn.tancp.framework.springmvc.controller" />14 15 <!-- 对转向页面的路径解析。prefix:前缀, suffix:后缀 -->16 <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">17 <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/"/>18 <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>19 </bean>20 21 <!--注册springmvc拦截类-->22 <mvc:interceptors>23 <bean class="cn.tancp.framework.springmvc.interceptor.CommonInterceptor" />24 </mvc:interceptors>25 </beans>
4、applicationContext.
1 <??> 2 <beans 3 ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 4 ="http://www.w3.org/2001/ 5 ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 6 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 7 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> 8 9 <!-- 设置使用注解的类所在的jar包,注入service层类 -->10 <context:component-scan base-package="cn.tancp.framework.springmvc.service" />11 </beans>
5、controller类
1 package cn.tancp.framework.springmvc.controller; 2 3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; 6 7 @Controller 8 public class SystemController { 9 10 @RequestMapping(value = "/",method = RequestMethod.GET)11 public String home() {12 return "index";13 }14 15 @RequestMapping(value = "/login", method = RequestMethod.GET)16 public String login() {17 return "login";18 }19 }
6、springmvc**
1 package cn.tancp.framework.springmvc.interceptor; 2 3 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 4 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 5 import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; 6 import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.HandlerInterceptorAdapter; 7 8 public class CommonInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter { 9 10 @Override11 public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,12 Object arg2) throws Exception {13 System.out.println("Pre-Handle");14 return true;15 }16 17 @Override18 public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0,19 HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3)20 throws Exception {21 System.out.println("After-Completion");22 }23 24 @Override25 public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,26 Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3) throws Exception {27 System.out.println("Post-Handle");28 }29 }
二、关键点
1、使用
2、DispatcherServlet路径配置
在研究springmvc**时,想配置映射为“/”访问项目根路径方法,但始终会访问到index.jsp页面上去,后来发现这个路径配置成了*.shtml
原因:之前以为配置*.shtml只会让后缀名为shtml的链接访问,而实际只会将*.shtml springMVC容器内。
3、
classpath 代表 /WEB-INF /classes/ 这个路径 常用的场景: 在SSH架构中,配置spring的上下文环境: <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.</param-value> </context-param> 里面的 classpath:applicationContext.
4、HandlerInterceptor接口preHandle方法返回值
在配置springmvc**时如果preHandle方法的返回值是false,则不会跳到相应被拦截的页面,也不会进入下一个**
5、SpringMVC的springmvc-servlet.
如下:
springmvc-servlet.
<!-- 设置使用注解的类所在的jar包,注入view层控制类 --><context:component-scan base-package="cn.tancp.framework.springMVC.controller" />
Spring MVC启动时的配置文件,包含组件扫描、url映射以及设置freemarker参数,让spring不扫描带有@Service注解的类。
因为springmvc-servlet.同样applicationContext.
<!-- 设置使用注解的类所在的jar包,注入service层类 --><context:component-scan base-package="cn.tancp.framework.springmvc.service" />
扫描包路径,不扫描带有@Controller注解的类。因为这些类已经随容器启动时,在springmvc.
原标题:springMVC学习篇
关键词:Spring