利用mysql

实验系统：CentOS 6.6_x86_64

实验前提：防火墙和selinux都关闭

实验说明：本实验共有4台主机，IP分配如拓扑

实验软件：mariadb-10.0.20　　mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-el6-x86-64bit

下载地址：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1i3F5Pop

实验拓扑：

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一、准备工作：

　　1.将主机名称改为如下所示：

　　2.将hosts文件添加如下内容：

　　3.master、slave1和slave2安装mariadb：

tar xf mariadb-10.0.20-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/cd /usr/local/ln -sv mariadb-10.0.20-linux-x86_64 mysqluseradd -r mysqlmkdir -pv /mydata/datachown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/data/cd mysql/chown -R root.mysql .scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data/cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnfcp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqldchkconfig --add mysqldchkconfig mysqld on

二、配置主从复制

　　1.master上配置my.cnf：

[mysqld]server-id    = 1datadir = /mydata/datalog-bin = /mydata/data/master-binbinlog_format = ROWsync_binlog = 1            //确保每次事务提交之前都能将二进制日志同步磁盘上

　　2.slave1上配置my.cnf：

[mysqld]#log-bin=mysql-bin#binlog_format=mixedserver-id    = 2datadir = /mydata/datarelay_log = /mydata/data/relay-logread_only = 1sync_master_info = 1          //及时同步master文件sync_relay_log = 1           //及时同步relay-log文件sync_relay_log_info = 1        //及时同步relay-log-info文件

　　3.slave2上配置my.cnf：

[mysqld]#log-bin=mysql-bin#binlog_format=mixedserver-id    = 3datadir = /mydata/datarelay_log = /mydata/data/relay-logread_only = 1sync_master_info = 1sync_relay_log = 1sync_relay_log_info = 1

　　4.在master上创建复制用户：

service mysqld start/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql------------------------------------------->GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'slave'@'192.168.19.%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

　　5.在master上查看二进制日志位置：

SHOW MASTER LOGS;

　　6.两台slave上操作：

CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='master',MASTER_USER='slave',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000001',MASTER_LOG_POS=637;START SLAVE;SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G

三、安装mysql-proxy

　　1.此实验中19.79为mysql-proxy服务器，所以软件安装在此主机上：

tar xf mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-el6-x86-64bit.tar.gz -C /usr/local/cd /usr/local/ln -sv mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-el6-x86-64bit mysql-proxyuseradd -r mysql-proxy

　　2.提供服务脚本：

vim /etc/init.d/mysql-proxy--------------------------------------------------------->#!/bin/bash## mysql-proxy This script starts and stops the mysql-proxy daemon## chkconfig: - 78 30# processname: mysql-proxy# description: mysql-proxy is a proxy daemon for mysql# Source function library.. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functionsprog="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy"# Source networking configuration.if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/network ]; then  . /etc/sysconfig/networkfi# Check that networking is up.[ $.NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0# Set default mysql-proxy configuration.ADMIN_USER="admin"ADMIN_PASSWD="admin"ADMIN_LUA_SCRIPT="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/admin.lua"PROXY_OPTIONS="--daemon"PROXY_PID=/var/run/mysql-proxy.pidPROXY_USER="mysql-proxy"# Source mysql-proxy configuration.if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/mysql-proxy ]; then  . /etc/sysconfig/mysql-proxyfiRETVAL=0start() {  echo -n $"Starting $prog: "  daemon $prog $PROXY_OPTIONS --pid-file=$PROXY_PID --proxy-address="$PROXY_ADDRESS" --user=$PROXY_USER --admin-username="$ADMIN_USER" --admin-lua-script="$ADMIN_LUA_SCRIPT" --admin-password="$ADMIN_PASSWORD"  RETVAL=$?  echo  if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]; then    touch /var/lock/subsys/mysql-proxy  fi}stop() {  echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "  killproc -p $PROXY_PID -d 3 $prog  RETVAL=$?  echo  if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]; then    rm -f /var/lock/subsys/mysql-proxy    rm -f $PROXY_PID  fi}# See how we were called.case "$1" in  start)    start    ;;  stop)    stop    ;;  restart)    stop    start    ;;  condrestart|try-restart)    if status -p $PROXY_PIDFILE $prog >&/dev/null; then      stop      start    fi    ;;  status)    status -p $PROXY_PID $prog    ;;  *)    echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|status|condrestart|try-restart}"    RETVAL=1    ;;esacexit $RETVAL
<---------------------------------------------------------
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql-proxy
chkconfig --add mysql-proxy

　　3.为服务脚本提供配置文件：

vim /etc/sysconfig/mysql-proxy---------------------------------------------------------># Options for mysql-proxyADMIN_USER="admin"ADMIN_PASSWORD="admin"ADMIN_ADDRESS=""ADMIN_LUA_SCRIPT="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/admin.lua"PROXY_ADDRESS=""PROXY_USER="mysql-proxy"PROXY_OPTIONS="--daemon --log-level=info --log-use-syslog --plugins=proxy --plugins=admin --proxy-backend-addresses=192.168.19.66:3306 --proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=192.168.19.74:3306 --proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=192.168.19.76:3306 --proxy-lua-script=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/rw-splitting.lua"

//--daemon：以守护进程模式启动mysql-proxy
//--proxy-backend-addresses：后端可读写的mysql服务器的地址和端口
//--proxy-read-only-backend-addresses：后端只读mysql服务器的地址和端口
//--proxy-lua-script：完成mysql代理功能的Lua脚本

 　　4.提供admin.lua文件：

vim /usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/admin.lua------------------------------------------------------------------------------>--[[ $%BEGINLICENSE%$ Copyright (c) 2007, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA $%ENDLICENSE%$ --]]function set_error(errmsg) proxy.response = {type = proxy.MYSQLD_PACKET_ERR,errmsg = errmsg or "error"}endfunction read_query(packet)if packet:byte() ~= proxy.COM_QUERY thenset_error("[admin] we only handle text-based queries (COM_QUERY)")return proxy.PROXY_SEND_RESULTendlocal query = packet:sub(2)local rows = { }local fields = { }if query:lower() == "select * from backends" thenfields = { { name = "backend_ndx", type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_LONG },{ name = "address", type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_STRING },{ name = "state", type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_STRING },{ name = "type", type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_STRING },{ name = "uuid", type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_STRING },{ name = "connected_clients", type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_LONG },}for i = 1, #proxy.global.backends dolocal states = {"unknown","up","down"}local types = {"unknown","rw","ro"}local b = proxy.global.backends[i]rows[#rows + 1] = {i,b.dst.name,     -- configured backend addressstates[b.state + 1], -- the C-id is pushed down starting at 0types[b.type + 1],  -- the C-id is pushed down starting at 0b.uuid,       -- the MySQL Server's UUID if it is managedb.connected_clients -- currently connected clients}endelseif query:lower() == "select * from help" thenfields = { { name = "command", type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_STRING },{ name = "description", type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_STRING },}rows[#rows + 1] = { "SELECT * FROM help", "shows this help" }rows[#rows + 1] = { "SELECT * FROM backends", "lists the backends and their state" }elseset_error("use 'SELECT * FROM help' to see the supported commands")return proxy.PROXY_SEND_RESULTendproxy.response = {type = proxy.MYSQLD_PACKET_OK,resultset = {fields = fields,rows = rows}}return proxy.PROXY_SEND_RESULTend

　　5.为了使实验结果更明显，编辑rw-splitting.lua文件中的其中2个数值：

vim /usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/rw-splitting.lua--------------------------------------------------------------------------->if not proxy.global.config.rwsplit then    proxy.global.config.rwsplit = {        min_idle_connections = 1,   //默认为4        max_idle_connections = 1, 　 　//默认为8        is_debug = false    }end
     //mysql-proxy会检测客户端连接，当连接没有超过min_idle_connections预设值时, 不会进行读写分离, 即查询操作会发生到Master上。

5.启动mysql-proxy：

service mysql-proxy startss -tnlp           //查看端口

　　6.连接测试：

yum -y install mysql                //如果没有mysql客户端的话执行此步mysql -uadmin -padmin -h192.168.19.79 --port=4041------------------------------------------------------------>SELECT * FROM backends;+-------------+--------------------+---------+------+------+-------------------+| backend_ndx | address      | state  | type | uuid | connected_clients |+-------------+--------------------+---------+------+------+-------------------+|      1 | 192.168.19.66:3306 | unknown | rw  | NULL |         0 ||      2 | 192.168.19.74:3306 | unknown | ro  | NULL |         0 ||      3 | 192.168.19.76:3306 | unknown | ro  | NULL |         0 |+-------------+--------------------+---------+------+------+-------------------+

四、读写分离测试：

　　1.在master上创建测试用户：

GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'jason'@'192.168.19.%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

　　2.分别在三台mariadb服务器上抓包：

　　　　master：

tcpdump -i eth0 -nn -XX ip dst 192.168.19.66 and tcp dst port 3306   //目标是19.66并且端口是3306

　　　　slave1：

tcpdump -i eth0 -nn -XX ip dst 192.168.19.74 and tcp dst port 3306

　　　　slave2：

tcpdump -i eth0 -nn -XX ip dst 192.168.19.76 and tcp dst port 3306

　　3.mysql-proxy上进行数据库操作：

mysql -ujason -p123456 -h192.168.19.79------------------------------------------------->CREATE DATABASE hello;
USE mysql;
SELECT * FROM user;       //可以用额外的主机多执行几次

　　　　在master上的抓包信息：

　　　　在slave上的抓包信息：

　　4.查看状态，在proxy上操作，可以看到状态全部为up：

mysql -uadmin -padmin -h192.168.19.79 --port=4041------------------------------------------------------------->SELECT * FROM backends;+-------------+--------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+| backend_ndx | address      | state | type | uuid | connected_clients |+-------------+--------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+|      1 | 192.168.19.66:3306 | up  | rw  | NULL |         0 ||      2 | 192.168.19.74:3306 | up  | ro  | NULL |         0 ||      3 | 192.168.19.76:3306 | up  | ro  | NULL |         0 |+-------------+--------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+

五、拓展实验

　　1.在proxy上安装httpd和php：

yum install httpd php php-mysqlservice httpd start

　　2.让httpd可以支持index.php首页，然后放入wordpress页面文件，创建wordpress数据库并安装：

　　3.安装完后修改wordpress的配置文件，将master地址改为proxy的：

vim /var/www/html/wp-config.php

　　4.访问测试并抓包：

　　　　master：

　　　　slave：

　　　　至此，读写分离实验演示完毕，谢谢！如有问题，请联系我，QQ：82800452

原标题：利用mysql

关键词：MYSQL