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Jquery.validate.js表单验证

发布时间:2017-08-16 00:00:14
前言:表单验证是十分常见的需求。公司做运维系统需要大量的编辑/新增表单,编辑之后提交,提交前需要进行表单验证,验证成功才能发起POST请求。由于项目前端大部分是基于Bootstrap开发的,可看官网Bootstrap Validator http://1000hz.githu ...

 

前言:表单验证是十分常见的需求。公司做运维系统需要大量的编辑/新增表单,编辑之后提交,提交前需要进行表单验证,验证成功才能发起POST请求。由于项目前端大部分是基于Bootstrap开发的,可看官网Bootstrap Validator http://1000hz.github.io/bootstrap-validator/,感觉比较容易上手。用bootstrap validator有个问题,需验证的input/select等标签的外部需要有一个<div class="form-group">包着,验证失败时给的div变成红色。

Jquery.validate.js表单验证Jquery.validate.js表单验证
 1 <form data-toggle="validator" role="form"> 2  <div class="form-group"> 3   <label for="inputName" class="control-label">Name</label> 4   <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputName" placeholder="Cina Saffary" required> 5  </div> 6  <div class="form-group has-feedback"> 7   <label for="inputTwitter" class="control-label">Twitter</label> 8   <div class="input-group"> 9    <span class="input-group-addon">@</span>10    <input type="text" pattern="^[_A-z0-9]{1,}$" maxlength="15" class="form-control" id="inputTwitter" placeholder="1000hz" required>11   </div>12   <span class="glyphicon form-control-feedback" aria-hidden="true"></span>13   <div class="help-block with-errors">Hey look, this one has feedback icons!</div>14  </div>15  <div class="form-group">16   <label for="inputEmail" class="control-label">Email</label>17   <input type="email" class="form-control" id="inputEmail" placeholder="Email" data-error="Bruh, that email address is invalid" required>18   <div class="help-block with-errors"></div>19  </div>20  <div class="form-group">21   <label for="inputPassword" class="control-label">Password</label>22   <div class="form-inline row">23    <div class="form-group col-sm-6">24     <input type="password" data-minlength="6" class="form-control" id="inputPassword" placeholder="Password" required>25     <div class="help-block">Minimum of 6 characters</div>26    </div>27    <div class="form-group col-sm-6">28     <input type="password" class="form-control" id="inputPasswordConfirm" data-match="#inputPassword" data-match-error="Whoops, these don't match" placeholder="Confirm" required>29     <div class="help-block with-errors"></div>30    </div>31   </div>32  </div>33  <div class="form-group">34   <div class="radio">35    <label>36     <input type="radio" name="underwear" required>37     Boxers38    </label>39   </div>40   <div class="radio">41    <label>42     <input type="radio" name="underwear" required>43     Briefs44    </label>45   </div>46  </div>47  <div class="form-group">48   <div class="checkbox">49    <label>50     <input type="checkbox" id="terms" data-error="Before you wreck yourself" required>51     Check yourself52    </label>53    <div class="help-block with-errors"></div>54   </div>55  </div>56  <div class="form-group">57   <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>58  </div>59 </form>
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一、跳过的坑

后来没用Bootstrap Validator, 用了jquery.validate.js插件。https://jqueryvalidation.org/,接下来学习jquery.validate.js,有点懒,直接用英文,不懂的可以评论问我,我在form表单验证踩了很多坑,比较有体会……

最开始用jquery.validate.js时,用来验证Bootstrap模态框的Form表单,妈蛋,竟然验证不了,根本没有反应。搞了很久很久,才知道是因为用模态框时,submit按钮没有放在Form表单里面,所以触发不了验证。后来改用Bootstrap Validator,尼妈,得给要验证的input/select标签外的标签(验证不通过会变红)加上,但是加上form-group属性后我的表单样式出错了(变丑了),怎么办,我只想给这个标签加上form-group属性,但是不希望它带上form-group的样式,正所谓有名无实……我当时不懂,一直用浏览器调前端界面,然而并没有什么卵用,后来请教隔壁组做前端的PHP大神,给这个标签的class最后加上自定义的样式,覆盖前面form-group的样式,前后只花了一两分钟,顿时膜拜铭哥大佬。比如说A标签的class有两个属性当a和b的样式有冲突是,比时a样式是margin-top:10px,而b样式是margin-top:20px,这时会选取class最后的样式,b在a的后面,当a,b样式冲突时,会优先取b的样式。具体代码现在没有,要的话明天去公司的SVN找找看……

后来项目被我改用layer弹框,而不是模态框,老大让我做一个表单验证的接口……

因为总不能每一个HTML文件都写那么多JS来验证Form表单。验证接口参考了老大前公司的代码(TC公司)。

首先,页面初始化完成时,调用表单验证接口validate_interface

  <script>    // layer.ready(callback) - 初始化就绪    $(document).ready(function () {      var form_obj = $("#edit_instance_data");      validate_interface(form_obj); // 调用包装好的接口进行表单验证与ajax请求    });  </script>

封装好的表单验证接口+Ajax请求接口+关闭layer弹框接口。

接下来用插件自带的invalidHandler得出有多少个标签不通过验证。再利用noty插件弹出提示信息。这里我简单看了noty插件,直接会用就行了。

看我下面的代码closest是什么意思,嗯,当时我也不知道,后来去查了下JQ,知道是从当前标签一层一层外外找,直至找到。

 $(element).closest('.selectpicker')

这句代码的意思是从当前标签一层一层往外找,直至找到的标签。

看我接口的代码会发现有highlight、success 的一些方法。这主要是因些我的form表单用了bootstrap-select插件来美化select标签,但是jquery.validate.js无法验证bootstrap-select的select标签,只能在提交表单时才会验证。这是个很奇葩的坑,我跳进出很久都出不来。网上stackoverflow看了很多解决方法,也没有什么用,是我姿势不对?

后来在一篇stackoverflow找到解决方法

form_obj.find("select").on('change', function(e) {  console.log($(this));  // 手动调用select标签  $('.form-horizontal').validate().element($(this));});

当验证不通过时,给标签(class:my-validate)加上has-error has-feedback属性,这样标签的边框就会变红。

$(element).closest('.my-validate').addClass('has-error has-feedback');

当验证通过时,移除对应的样式

label.closest('.my-validate').removeClass('has-error has-feedback');

二、以下是接口的代码,希望对你有帮助:

 1 // 封装好的表单验证接口与ajax请求 2 function validate_interface(form_obj){ 3   form_obj.validate({ 4   invalidHandler: function(event, validator) { 5     // 验证不通过的数量 6     var errors = validator.numberOfInvalids(); 7     if (errors) { 8       console.log("errors", errors); 9       var msg = errors == 1 ? "你有 1 个必填字段未填,已经加红显示." : "你有 " + errors + " 个必填字段未填,已经加红显示。";10       console.log("msg", msg);11       noty({12         text: msg,13         type: "error",14         timeout: 150015       });16     }17   },18   highlight : function(element) {19     console.log(element.tagName);20     $(element).closest('.my-validate').addClass('has-error has-feedback');21     $(element).closest('.selectpicker').selectpicker('refresh');22   },23   //验证通过的处理24   success : function(label) {25     console.log("label", label);26     label.closest('.my-validate').removeClass('has-error has-feedback');27 28   },29 30   submitHandler: function(form) {31     console.log("form", form);32     // ajax request after form validate true!33     ajax_func();34 35   }36 37 38 });39 40 41   form_obj.find("select").on('change', function(e) {42     console.log($(this));43     $('.form-horizontal').validate().element($(this));44   });45 46   // 点击弹出框的确认按钮调用该函数47   function ajax_func() {48     var ajax_post_url = form_obj.attr("ajax_post_url");49     console.log("form_msg", form_obj.serialize());50     $.ajax({51       url: ajax_post_url,  // 提交的页面52       data: form_obj.serialize(), // 从表单中获取数据53       type: "POST",          // 设置请求类型为"POST",默认为"GET"54       error:function (jqXHR, textStatus, errorThrown) {55         alert(jqXHR.responseText);56         alert(jqXHR.status);57       },58       success: function(data) {59         var index = parent.layer.getFrameIndex(window.name); //先得到当前iframe层的索引60         console.log("index", index);61         parent.layer.close(index); //再执行关闭62         alert("提交成功");63       }64     });65   }66 }67 68 69 // interface of close layer70 function close_layer() {71   console.log("layer inter close");72   var index = parent.layer.getFrameIndex(window.name); //先得到当前iframe层的索引73   parent.layer.close(index); //再执行关闭74   return false;75 }

验证一通过则发起ajax请求,ajax请求成功扣则关闭当前layer弹框,对layer不了解的可以看我下篇博客……

三、自定义验证

接下来又有个新需求,DBA腾哥要我验证表单,比如用户输入只能由字母、数字、下划线组成……还有IP地址,发须是IP的格式才能通过验证,给后台发起请求。

这就需要自定义表单验证方法,比如你想验证文本框验证的是不是IP地址,可以自定义表单验证方法,自己写正则表达式进行匹配,匹配不通过是显示自定义的错误信息。

 1     // layer.ready(callback) - 初始化就绪 2     $(document).ready(function () { 3       var form_obj = $("#edit_workflow"); 4  5       validate_interface(form_obj); // 调用包装好的接口进行表单验证与ajax请求 6  7       var url = location.search; 8       $("#url").val(url); 9 10       // my first validator function11       jQuery.validator.addMethod("my_first_validator", function(value, element) {12         return this.optional(element) || /^[a-zA-Z0-9_]+$/.test(value);13       }, "用户名只能由字母、数字、下划线组成");14 15       // my second validator function16       jQuery.validator.addMethod("my_second_validator", function(value, element) {17         return this.optional(element) || /^[^\s]*$/.test(value);18       }, "密码不能包含空格");19 20       // my third validator function21       jQuery.validator.addMethod("my_third_validator", function(value, element) {22         // 正则匹配文本框的IP23         return this.optional(element) || /^(\s)*(([0-9]{1,3}\.){3}[0-9]{1,3}(\s)*)+(\s)*$/.test(value);24       }, "ip格式不对,多个ip请用换行符分开!");25 26     });

 

至此,表单验证ending,如果你是第一次了解表单验证,想必你看完这篇博客也是一脸蒙逼的,你应该看了官网,我下面选了jquery.validate.js官网我觉得我有必要记录的一部分。可以看看,不爽就自己去看官网。

对了,还有一个坑,百度/谷哥jquery.validate.js,会出现博客园的这篇文章jQuery验证控件jquery.validate.js使用说明+中文API,当时我想自定义错误信息,网上很多方法有用如下代码的方法,但我也引入了jquery.metadata.js,然而并没有反应。fuck! 

使用的方式,必须引入包:jquery.metadata.js可以使用如下的方法,修改提示内容:

解决方法:这个问题的实质是,我要对select标签进行验证,比如该标签是必填的,那我肯定要给标签加上required=“true",但是输入内容长度要如何加在标签?用上面代码的方法是不行的!! 还有,如果你自定义了验证方法,比如前端我自定义验证IP,那我如何让标签验证时调用这写的验证方法。其实很简单,没啥技术含量。看代码,代码现在没有,明天上班再看看

 

 

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四、jquery.validate.js记录

submitHandler (default: native for m submit)

Type: Function()Callback for handling the actual submit when the form is valid. Gets the form as the only argument. Replaces the default submit. The right place to submit a form via Ajax after it is validated.

Example: Submits the form via Ajax when valid.

$("#myform").validate({  submitHandler: function(form) {     $(form).ajaxSubmit();  }});

Example: Use submitHandler to process something and then using the default submit. Note that "form" refers to a DOM element, this way the validation isn't triggered again.

$("#myform").validate({  submitHandler: function(form) {    // do other things for a valid form     form.submit();  }});

 

invalidHandler

Type: Function()Callback for custom code when an invalid form is submitted. Called with an event object as the first argument, and the validator as the second.

Example: Displays a message above the form, indicating how many fields are invalid when the user tries to submit an invalid form.

$("#myform").validate({  invalidHandler: function(event, validator) {    // 'this' refers to the form    var errors = validator.numberOfInvalids();    if (errors) {      var message = errors == 1       ? 'You missed 1 field. It has been highlighted'       : 'You missed ' + errors + ' fields. They have been highlighted';       $("div.error span").html(message);      $("div.error").show();    } else {      $("div.error").hide();    }  }}); 


success

Type: String or Function()If specified, the error label is displayed to show a valid element. If a String is given, it is added as a class to the label. If a Function is given, it is called with the label (as a jQuery object) and the validated input (as a DOM element). The label can be used to add a text like "ok!".

Example: Add a class "valid" to valid elements, styled via CSS.

$("#myform").validate({ success: "valid", submitHandler: function() { alert("Submitted!") }});

Example: Add a class "valid" to valid elements, styled via CSS, and add the text "Ok!".

$("#myform").validate({ success: function(label) {  label.addClass("valid").text("Ok!") }, submitHandler: function() { alert("Submitted!") }});

The callback gets passed two arguments:

  • labelType: jQueryThe error label. Use to add a class or replace the text content.
  • elementType: ElementThe element currently being validated, as a DOMElement.

ignore (default: ":hidden")

Type: SelectorElements to ignore when validating, simply filtering them out. jQuery's not-method is used, therefore everything that is accepted by not() can be passed as this option. Inputs of type submit and reset are always ignored, so are disabled elements.

Example: Ignores all elements with the class "ignore" when validating.

$("#myform").validate({  ignore: ".ignore"});
 

highlight (default: Adds errorClass (see the option) to the element)

Type: Function()How to highlight invalid fields. Override to decide which fields and how to highlight.

Example: Adds the error class to both the invalid element and its label

$("#myform").validate({   highlight: function(element, errorClass, validClass) {    $(element).addClass(errorClass).removeClass(validClass);    $(element.form).find("label[for=" + element.id + "]")    .addClass(errorClass);  },  unhighlight: function(element, errorClass, validClass) {     $(element).removeClass(errorClass).addClass(validClass);    $(element.form).find("label[for=" + element.id + "]")    .removeClass(errorClass);  }})

The callback gets passed three arguments:

  • element

Type: Element

The invalid DOM element, usually an input.

  • errorClass

Type: String

Current value of the errorClass option.

  • validClass

Type: String

Current value of the validClass option.

unhighlight (default: Removes the errorClass)

Type: Function()

Called to revert changes made by option highlight, same arguments as highlight.

 

原标题:Jquery.validate.js表单验证

关键词:JS

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